Wednesday, 27 November 2013

Traffic Impact Assessment (TIA) for a sustainable development

Common terms:
  • Traffic Impact Studies
  • Traffic Impact Assessments
  • Traffic Impact Analysis
  • Transport Assessments


Traffic focuses mainly on road traffic inclusive of public transport (taxis & buses) and pedestrians Whilst. Transport covers all mode of transport including land, air, sea and freight.

Traffic Impact Assessment is a specialized study of the impact of a certain type and size of development on the surrounding transportation system. 

Traffic Impact Assessment was introduced in Malaysia about 12 years ago. Although, it has no legal ground, it has been accepted as a useful tool to examine development impact. 

The purpose of TIA is to determine the impact that a particular development will have on the existing roadway, parking and the transit system. Consequently, a complete TIA shall include proposals to solve the negative impact of the proposed development on the traffic, the transportation system, and the surrounding land uses.
In Malaysia, TIA reports have been used by some local authorities as the basis of levying impact fees or assessing developer contributions to road improvements, congestion, yet also maintain and improve safety.

In trip generation have 4 steps method: 


TRIP GENERATION
Subject to Trip Rates according to land code classification Produced a Malaysian Trip Rate Generation Manual by HPU. 

The relationship between movement of people and vehicles generated by traffic zone with regard to it’s population density or income. Ex: residential area


TRIP ATTRACTION
The relationship between movement of people and vehicles to a traffic zone  in relation to its total employment, retail volume or school population in that traffic zone. Example: Shopping Area, school, offices, industrial area, commercial zone, etc.

TRIP DISTRIBUTION

Having generated and attracted number of trips from the proposed development, we need to distribute the traffic onto the road system.


Understanding Transport Planning
  • Land use - Economic Base Theory

                         - Location Theory
                         - Traffic Generation and attraction model

  • Transport - Traffic Assignment modes

  • Network - Transport capacity






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